Loom and method of weaving



July 3o, 1929.

C. H. DRAPER Loon AND lemon or wle-.WING

2 Sheets-Sheet Filed July 2 1, 1925 Ill/vigor: i w mf July 30, 1929- Filed July 21, 192'@ 2 Sheets-Sheet `atentecl .luly 30,1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LABE DBAPEB', 0F HOPEDALE, MASSACHUSETTS, lASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, T DRAPER CORPORATION, OF HOPEDALE, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORA- TION 0F L IAINE.

The present invention relates to looms,'and more particularly to high speed, weft reyplenishing looms, and to an improved method-R of. weaving.

' 5 The object of the invention is to reorganize A and improve weft replenishing looms in order to carry out a new method of weavlng by virtue of which the cloth is woven at a much higher speed than has heretofore been practiced in weft replenishing looms. `'lo the the left end of a loom; Fig. 2 is a section through the lay and a part of the frog; and

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of a portion of the Y lay and the parts attached thereto.

The loom forming the subject of the present invention is described as follows: The frame 1 su ports the loom parts, the lay 2 being -oarried y the swords 3 in the usual manner, actuated by the pitman 4, connected to the crank 5 of the crank shaft 6. The motor or pulley shaft 7 is supported in the usual position, and.-

carries the pick cam '8. The harnesses 10 are supported and actuated in any convenient manner. The warpstop detector 1-1-is supported at the rear .ofthe loom. The warp beam 12 is carrie inthe usual manner, and

vthe warp 13 passes over the whip roll 14, thence through t e warp detector 11l and harnesses 10, through .he reed o f the lay and over the breast beam toy the take-up, neither of 4o which latter are shown. 1

There are three important features of this loom which contributeitoits successful operation at high speeds, that is to say, from 15% to 20% higher than the ordinary weft replenishing loom speeds now obtaining in general use. These three devices are the prepositioning pick cam 8, the variable shuttle box tension controllingmeans, indicated in a general way by the reference character A,15,

i and the anti-ban contrivance, by virtue' of which, when a s uttle fails of boxing, the whip roll is pulled smash. `s The pre-positioning pick cam is illustrated and described in the application of Clare H.

forwardftp, prenant a Loom AND METHOD or wEAvINe.

Application ala July 21, 1925. seran No. 45,016.

Draper for an Improvement in looms, filed March 6,1325, Serial No. 13,573. Accordmg to this invention the pick cam 8 is provided with a cam surface 16 of peculiar new shape. pick ball first engages this cam surface at about the point 17, and as soon as the cam movesrforward it lifts the pick ball slightly until the point 18 is reached, thereby advancing the picker stick from the end position to the picking point. Thereupon, at the point 18 the picking ortion 20 of the 'pick surface 16 lifts the pic ball, rapidly accelerates it to the desired extent, and causes it to throw the shuttle with the necessary velocity across the loom. The important feature of this pick cam is that by virtue of 'which it pre-positions the shuttle before picking, so that the shuttle is always picked as near as may be from the same position called the picking position.

The shuttle tension controlling mechanism, indicated in a general way by the reference character 15, is constructed substantially as y described in the application of Clare H. Draper and Jonas Northrop, filed December 3, 1924, Serial No. 753,611. It is described as follows: The shuttle binder 21 is of the usual form, and is activated by the binder fingers 22 to cause pressure to be exerted upon the shuttle in the'box. The shuttle fingers are mounted on the arms 23 of the dagger shaft 24, mounted in brackets on the lay in the usual manner. The dagger' 25 is carried by the dagger shaft 24, and adapted to engage the steel 26 of the frog 27 in the usual manner. An inertia arm 28 is secured to the dagger shaft 24, and enlarged in the form shown to constitute a weight. The lay 2 is provided with a dagger stop 30 of sheet metal, bolted to the lay beam and protected by a layer` 31 of leather. The end of this dagger stop is vupward overthrow, in the usual manner. The

hub 32 of the inertia arm 28 is loosely mounted on the dagger shaft 24, being held from endwise movement in one direction by the collar 33, and in the other direction by engagement with the face 34 of the sword 3. Limited rotational movement of the hub 32 on the dagger shaft 24 is permitted, owing to the fact that the collar 33 of the hub 32 1s shoulderedfasslrown in Fig. 2, the collar 33 being provided with the shoulder 35, and the hub 32 ofthe inertia arm 28being provided with the shoulder 36. Both `,the shoulders 35 and 36 that the inertia of the Weight is yieldingl apare recessed, as shown best in Fig. 2, and receive in their recesses the s ring 37. The recess in the shoulder 36 is c osed, while the vrecess in the shoulder is open, and the springbottoms against an adjustingscrew 38 secured in place by a check nut 40.` This a ords means for varying the tension of the spring. It will be seen that when the lay moves forward, the lag of the inertia arm 28 tends to compress the spring 37, which pressure is thereby exerted through that spring upon the collar 33 of the dagger shaft 24, so

plied in one direction to the dagger s aft. In the opposite direction of motion of the lay, the abutting surfaces of the inertia arm at the collar 33 are not cushioned, there being no spring interposed between them. These surv faces are indlcated asin contact'on the line 41, Fig. 2.

The anti-bang will be understood from reference lto the patent to Jamieson dated February 23, 1904, N o. 753,198. The specific embodiment thereof illustrated in the drawings is described as follows: The frog 27 is slidingly mounted on the frame of the loom, a rubber block 42 being provided to cushion the last portion of the forward movement of the frog. VThe frog is connected with the whip roll by the following devices: The rods 43, one on each side of the loom, are pivotally attached tothe frogs at 44, and extend rearwardly outside of and parallel to the frame of the loom, and are provided at their rear ends with lever collars 45, loosely'mounted on the rods and secured in adjusted position by means of the adjusting nuts 46. These lever collars 45 are provided with ears 47 which engage recesses in the side levers 48, pivotally mounted at 50 in the brackets 51, secured t0 the frame of the loom. These levers 48 extend in a generally vertical direction, and are provided at their upper ends with the flats 52,

which engage' the ends of the whip roll shaft 53. AThese shaftsl are carried in blocks 54, slidingly supported in the slideway 55 of the brackets 56, supported from the rear of the loom, as shown in Fig. 1. Strong anti-bang springs 57 are interposed between the blocks 51 and the ends of the slideway 55, a recess beinglformed in lthe casting to receive one end of the spring, and the block being prof vided with a springseat to receive the other end of the spring. The whip roll shaft 53 carries two arms 58 which support the whip roll 14 in their outer ends, the whip roll bein mounted on a rod which is received in a blocl 60, carried in a slot 61 in the arms 58.l A spring 62 is interposed between the block 60 and the end of the slot 61, and normally tends to hold the whip roll at the extreme end of the` slot 61. This spring is a light spring, and compensates for variations in the tenslon of the warp during weaving. Its o eration is substantially that illustrated an described preventing a smash.

in the Durkin patent dated April 24, 1888, No. 381,617. The anti-bang springs 57 are strong, heavy springs, and are required to be such 'in orderjto operate to resist the blow of the lay in the event of the failure of the shuttle to be boxed. These springs bottom, that is to say, the coils of the.l springs come in contact with each other, before the lay reaches front center. There is, therefore, no possibility of the lay smashing the warp by means of a trapped shuttle.

Y It is to be observed that the forward move ment of the whip roll is about double lin amount the forward movement of the frog, which, being somewhat less than the forward movement of the lay during the time of engagement of the dagger with the steel of the frog, is ample to provide slack warp to prevent a smash. The mode of operation of the loom requires, perhaps, a little further elucidation with respect to the operation of the shuttle box ten- 'sion controlling devices. This mechanism operates by virtue of the inertia arm 28 to decrease the shuttle box tension at the front center to facilitate bobbin transfer. It also operates to decrease the binder pressureduring picking ofthe shuttle, and to provide a certain maximum shuttle tension during boxy ing` acting to apply pressure to the-binders'l greatest in amount at the earliest time of "ar-i rival of the shuttle in the box, and less andi,- less in amount the later the time of shuttle arrival. The pre-positioning of the shuttle in the shut-tlc box operates'to move the shuttle to its picking point so that it is located at the picking point when the picking operation takes place, which is coincident with the release of the shuttle box tension at that time, so as to reduce the amount of work required in picking. This contributes to uniformity of time of shuttle flight. i The anti-bang construction cooperates intlmately with theshuttle actuating and shuttle tension controlling devices, because4 on the failure of a shuttle to reach the box, the shuttle tension permits the dropping of the dagger.' so that the latter strikes the frogand causes the whip roll to be pulled forward, thereby ioo 'From the foregoing it willfbe seen that there is an intimate combination and interaction between the l"several features of this loom.

The pre-positioning of the shuttle contributes to accuracy of time of shuttle arrival, therelease of the shuttle tension during picking, and the provision of the greatest shuttle tension at the time of earliest shuttle arrival provides a manner of securing greater nicety of operation of the loom, and the interaction of the shuttle tension devices with the anti-bang 1s practically assured by the connection of the frog which is actuated from the shuttle Y tension devices to the anti-bang.

maa-,oso

The method of weaving which this loom is capable of carrying out contemplates the forming of the warps in sheds, passing a shuttle illin through the sheds to lay filling therein by rst placing or positioning the shuttle in picking position and holding it with light pressure during picking, arresting the shuttle .at the end of its flight by means acting to apply the greatest friction to the shuttle at the earliest time of arrival, and less and less frictionv with later and later shuttle arrival, and the employment of means to prevent the destruction of the warps by the flapping of the shuttle in the shed. As an incident to 'this method, the reduction of the tension on the shuttle during transfer facilitates the transfer by permitting the shuttle to move freely under the influence of the transfer hammer.

In spite of the precautions which this method contemplates of reducing the friction by which the shuttle is held at the time of picking, and pre-positioning the shuttle preparatory to picking, some variations in the initial velocity of the shuttle do inevitably occur, arising from-wear or other variation in the operation of the loom, and in order to take care of such variations in the initial velocity of the shuttle which result in an l earlier or later arrival thereof at the opposite side of a Warp, the variable friction means are provided for arresting the shuttle at the end of its flight, such means acting'to vary the capacity thereof so as to gradually'bring the shuttle to rest, such friction means acting to present the greatest resistance to the shuttle at the earliest time of arrival at the end of its flight, and a lesser and lesser amount with later arrival;

. While higher speed of the loom may be secured by the 4use of av variable shuttle tension operating to reduce the tension in picking,

to increase it at shuttle arrival and decrease 1t gradually with later arrivals, with pre-positioning ofthe shuttle preparatory to picking,

.the best embodiment of the method contemplates the' employment of a device for preventing warp breakage upon shuttle trapping, and these three features of the present method produce a new method of weaving of great value and importance by reason of the greatly higher speeds at which the method may beA practiced beyond those ordinarily capable of use 1n weavmg. I;

This application is a; continuation in part of the application of 'the resentinventor filed May 29, 1925, Serial o.' 33,833,for.a

l. Method of weaving.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. A weft replenishing loom of the bobbin changing type having, in combination, a lay provided with a shuttle box, weft replenishing mechanism, binders for the shuttle box, pressure applying means acting to 'carrying ing therein by first placing or positioning the apply pressure to ,the binders greatest in amount at the earliest time of arrival of the shuttle in the boxand less and less in amount the later the time of shuttle arrival, picking means for picking the shuttle having provision for Ypositioning the shuttle preparatory to icking, and connections between the shutt e tensioning means and the Warp for loosening the Warp when the shuttle is trapped in the shed.

2. A weft replenishing loom of the bobbin changing type having, in combination, a hopper, a lay provided with a shuttle box, binders for the shuttle box, pressure applying means acting to apply pressure to the binders greatest in amount at the earliest time of arrival of the shuttle in the box, and less and less in amount the later the time of shuttle arrival, and of reduced amount during shuttle picking, picking means acting to position the shuttle preparatory to picking, and an anti-bang connected With the shuttle tensioning means acting upon .trapping of the shuttle in the shed to free the Warp of tension.

3. A weft replenishing loom of the bobbin changing type having, in combination, a hopper, a lay provided with a shuttle box, means for applying pressure to the binders acting to decrease the binder pressure at the time of picking, and picking means having provision for pre-positioning the shuttle preparatory to picking.

4. .A weft rep enishing loom of the bobbin changing type having, in combination, a hopper, a lay having a shuttle box, a binder for the shuttle box, tension applying means having provision for decreasing the shuttle box tension at front center to facilitate transfer, for decreasing the shuttle tension at picking time, and picking means having provision for pre-positioning the shuttle preparatory to picking.

5. A weft replenishing loom of the bobbin changin type having, in combination, a lay provlde with a shuttle box, a binder, pressure applying means for the binders act` ing to increase the ressure of the binder from front center to ack center, to increase it from top center to back center, to decrease it from back center to bottom center, and to decrease it from bottom center to front center, and picking means having provision for pre-positioning the shuttle preparatory to picking.

6. The method of weaving which consists in formin warps in sheds, passing a `shuttle Elling through the sheds to lay lillshuttle in a certain sition and holding it with light, frictions. pressure durin picking, arresting the shuttle at the en of its flight by frictional means acting to .apply greatest friction to the shuttle at the earliest time of arrival, and less and less friction with later and later shuttle a-rrival,\the warp being normally held. under weaving' tension-j and released from such tension upon t-heA failure of the shuttle to complete its Hight through the shed.-

7. The method of weaving 'cloth which consists in forming warpsinto sheds, passing a shuttle carrying iilling through' the sheds to lay llingthereinby first placing or positioning the shuttle in a certain position and .holding it with light, fricti'ona-l pressure during picking, arresting the shut? or positioning the shuttle -in a `certain posi- ,tion and holding it lwith light, frictional Vpressure during picking, and arresting the 'shuttle at the end of its flight by frictional .means acting -to apply greatest friction to the shuttle at' thefearlies't- -time of arrival, and less and less friction with later and later shuttle arrival. I

9. A weft ,replenishing loom of the bobbin changing type'having, in combination, a hopper, ya a a binderifor the shuttle b ox, means for applying pressure tothe `binders acting to decrease the; binder pressure at theitime of picking, and means actingto apply pressure to'lthe binders greatest in` amount at the earliest time of arrivalof the -'shuttle in the -box, and picking means having provision for pre-positioni" the shuttle preparatoryv to picking. l

In testimony whereof I- 'have signed my name tov this specification.

CLARE H. DRAPER.

y provided with a shuttle box 

